HAL general support for DISABLE_JTAG option (#11211)

Some STM32-based boards may use multiplexed JTAG pins as IO. Up to now the `DISABLE_JTAG` option (defined in pins files) was only supported for AT90-based boards. This commit generalizes the code and adds support for boards based on STM32F1 and STM32F4.

Marlin/src/HAL/HAL_AVR/HAL.h

 
 #define HAL_SENSITIVE_PINS 0, 1
 
+#ifdef __AVR_AT90USB1286__
+  #define JTAG_DISABLE() do{ MCUCR = 0x80; MCUCR = 0x80; }while(0)
+#endif
+
 // AVR compatibility
 #define strtof strtod
 

Marlin/src/HAL/HAL_STM32F1/HAL.h

 #define GET_PIN_MAP_INDEX(pin) pin
 #define PARSED_PIN_INDEX(code, dval) parser.intval(code, dval)
 
+#define JTAG_DISABLE() afio_cfg_debug_ports(AFIO_DEBUG_NONE)
+
 #endif // _HAL_STM32F1_H

Marlin/src/HAL/HAL_STM32F4/HAL.h

 #define GET_PIN_MAP_INDEX(pin) pin
 #define PARSED_PIN_INDEX(code, dval) parser.intval(code, dval)
 
+#define JTAG_DISABLE() afio_cfg_debug_ports(AFIO_DEBUG_NONE)
+
 #endif // _HAL_STM32F4_H

Marlin/src/Marlin.cpp

   #endif
 
   #if ENABLED(DISABLE_JTAG)
-    // Disable JTAG on AT90USB chips to free up pins for IO
-    MCUCR = 0x80;
-    MCUCR = 0x80;
+    // Disable JTAG to free up pins for IO
+    #ifdef JTAG_DISABLE
+      JTAG_DISABLE();
+    #else
+      #error "DISABLE_JTAG is not supported for the selected MCU/Board"
+    #endif
   #endif
 
   #if ENABLED(FILAMENT_RUNOUT_SENSOR)