Redo of #3268 by @jbrazio

These are salvaged from closed-PR #3216.

Closes #3245

In all these cases we want the axis to be homed. If we could have lost
some steps is secondary.

Reenables homing seperate axis with DISABLE_X / DISABLE_Y true.

copy of 406992f9dd

Also add mbl.z_offset to the EEPROM, bumping the version to V23.

Following up on #3231

PROBABLE ->PROBEABLE
This is follow-up to #3069?

Fixes for #3189

Setting a temp is still missing

Adds the parameter U to M303. If U1 is included , it will use the
PID-values from the auto-tune.

Send position updates to RH where RH can not know the end position.

For example after G28 RepetierHost assumes to be at the homing-point,
but with a servo probe we are much higher. Now the RH-software-endstops
will prevent us from going down (if activated). With this patch the
internal position of RH is updated with `current_position[]`.

SERIAL_ECHO is not very good in printing uint8_t - so cast. to int.

Add return to NOT_BUSY for M105
Replace WAIT_FOR_USER with PAUSED_FOR_USER

Add Travis test for FILAMENTCHANGEENABLE

Fix a SNAFU that should have been caught in #3012

Partial implementation with reference to MarlinFirmware/Marlin#3011

Addressing issue #2767

Aim: Test probes in update_endstops only when activated

Changes:
Configurations
 Add define for FIX_MOUNTED_PROBE to handle the situation where formerly ENDSTOPS_ONLY_FOR_HOMING had to be set, or lowering the nozzle below Z_PROBE_OFFSET_FROM_EXTRUDER could give an "endstop hit" message.
 Add define for Z_MIN_PROBE_USES_Z_MIN_ENDSTOP_PIN to indicate a common situation, that we have a probe but it is connected to an endstop pin
 Add some comments
 Shift some entries to have related things together.

Conditionals.h
 We have a probe (HAS_Z_MIN_PROBE) if one of the pins is defined AND one of the probes is defined.

SanityCheck.h
 Add some tests if the probe is connected and if we have defined a probe.

stepper.cpp
 Changes to test the probe only when it is deployed (z_probe_is_active).
 Test update_endstops() when the probe is deployed.

MarlinMain.cpp
 a. set and reset z_probe_is_active in deploy_z_probe(), stow_z_probe() and dock_sled()
 b. set and reset z_probe_is_active in the case a z-servo is moved to a defined position. The only remaining unhandled servo move is in M280 where we do not end in a defined position. If you want to handle a probe use M401/402
 c. skip deploying/stowing when already deployed/stowed in the dedicated deploy/stow functions.
 d. Handle the new FIX_MOUNTED_PROBE in parallel to a servo driven probe/endstop.

 To do: In another PR. handle all probes in deploy/stow_z_probe.
 Sort out SERVO_LEVELING vs. HAS_SERVO_ENDSTOPS.

If Marlin is blocking the serial input or command queue for any length
of time (for example more than 2 seconds), it needs to send a message
to serial out to inform the host that it is busy. Marlin should only
send these messages out when busy, and preferably not when trying to
print formatted output.